Memory loss, why this happens. At first, we practically do not notice memory deterioration. But even when we complain about memory more and more often, we do nothing.

Probably because it’s not like it’s an organ and doesn’t hurt. We refer to age. It gets to the point where you have to write everything down so you don’t forget something. From the article you will learn how and what to do to improve your memory.

Memory loss in the elderly is one reason. But anything can happen. Memory loss can be caused by depression, head injuries, increased dosage of medications, and much more.

We hardly notice how our memory begins to deteriorate. We do nothing even when we notice that our memory has become worse. After all, it’s not like it’s an organ that can hurt.

Memory loss is not an arm, a leg, or any other organ. Therefore, when memory begins to deteriorate, we begin to blame it on our age-related changes, or nature.

Memory loss causes

Memory loss, for example, in older people is explained by the fact that:

• blood supply to the brain deteriorates, this occurs due to depletion of significant stimulation

But there are other causes of memory loss, such as:

• depression
• chronic fatigue syndrome, which requires special treatment
• hypothyroidism

Memory loss is the most common cause and happens to us every day. A lot also depends on self-love. We must learn to love ourselves and pay more attention to our health.

Poor diet and alcohol abuse can impair memory. Alzheimer's disease is a less common cause.

Memory lapses so that they don't exist

To reduce the risk of memory lapses, what not to do:

• do not smoke, as smoking impairs blood circulation
• do not abuse alcoholic beverages

On the contrary, what should you do to avoid memory lapses:

• exercise daily for at least thirty minutes
• provide yourself with a healthy diet
• train your brain - before going to bed, remember the events of the past day, read and repeat what you read
• stay up to date with any events
• maintain old connections and expand your circle of acquaintances
• get enough sleep

Memory lapses, to avoid them, try to follow the instructions suggested in the article and you will not have this problem.

Nutrition to improve memory

To maintain stable blood levels, eat small but often meals. This is very important for brain function. Nutrition to improve memory is very important. Whole grain products such as:

• nuts
• fruits
• seeds
• vegetables

Try to eat these products, as they contain a lot of vitamins and minerals, which are very beneficial for blood circulation and the brain. Fatty fish are rich in fatty acids and phospholipids.

When is it important to see a doctor if you have memory loss?

• if memory loss occurs due to loss of consciousness or after a head injury
• for rapidly progressive or severe memory loss
• for depression
• after increasing the dose of the prescribed medication or starting treatment

Treatment for memory loss

Herbs such as:

Swamp cranberry. You can’t even imagine what this berry is capable of! An ordinary marsh cranberry, but it works wonders. It can tone up and lift your spirits. And what is very important is that it increases mental and physical performance.

Melissa officinalis. Prepare and drink an infusion of lemon balm leaves before bed. The infusion calms and tones the brain (pour one glass of boiling water over three teaspoons of leaves and let it brew for fifteen minutes).

Black currant. Drink currant tea if memory, hearing and vision deteriorate. The following mixture is prepared: black currant leaves, peppermint or field grass, oregano, rose hip leaves and field clover tops.

Mix all the herbs in equal parts and measure out one tablespoon. Then pour half a liter of boiling water and let it brew for half an hour.

Common oregano. These cookies will help you improve your memory and performance. You need to eat it within a month from three to five pieces before meals.

Cookie recipe:

Mix oregano powder with flour and water. Cut the prepared dough into ten-gram slices, make cookie shapes and bake.

For memory loss, its restoration and strengthening, medicinal herbs are the first aides at home. The main thing is to lead a healthy lifestyle and everything will work out. I really hope that the useful information provided in the article will help you.

Be healthy and happy.

Video – Memory loss – amnesia

On the Android platform it displays messages of insufficient memory or memory error, no memory, and so on.

Many users encounter a problem when phone or The Android tablet starts acting up. It seems that nothing happened that could cause a malfunction, but it does not work as it should.

For example, the device has problems with the fact that at one or another stage of working with the gadget, the system issues failure messages, paying attention to problems with “memory”. The reason for this may be:

1st: Software glitch- i.e. the problem is a software glitch

2nd: Hardware failure- i.e. the problem is in the hardware (i.e., replacement or restoration of spare parts for the gadget is required)

However, do not rush to get upset - in 90% of cases there are problems launch and operation of applications and the entire system smartphone a or Android tablet is to blame software glitch which you can easily fix on your own.

Fixing a software glitch:

Method 1. Quite simple - go to "settings", find there "backup and reset", in which you choose full reset settings with deletion of all data. Be careful, using this method is often effective, but it entails deleting all photos, contacts, passwords, music, games, videos and, in general, all information stored on your smartphone e or tablet e. Therefore, first save everything you need by connecting the gadget to your computer. If this method does not suit you, or if after this the problem is not resolved, see Method 2.

Method 2.

Based on solving problems with communication and network reception phone number and tablets based on Android by introducing additional software. Utilities that control all processes inside gadgets. Today, there are quite a lot of them, however, the fewer functions an application contains, the more effective it is, as a rule. The best way to monitor system functions, corrects, and correct all possible settings and synchronization errors is a small, easy-to-use, free utility for Android-based devices. You can download the application from Google Play and see its additional options in the description. After installing the application, all that remains is to launch it. Further, in principle, nothing more is required from you. The application will take full control of the device's functions. (By the way, among other things, the gadget will begin to charge 20% faster, and its performance will also increase significantly, which will affect the loading speed and operation of all applications, games, and the system as a whole. On average, after scanning, the system runs at 50% faster.)

• In addition, it is worth cleaning the system using a NORMAL antivirus. Best suited for this task Kaspersky antivirus , which you can download. Unlike the “multi-cleaner”, the Kaspersky Lab software is paid, therefore, if you do not have the opportunity to install such protection, you can skip this step...

Method 3.

Changing the device software, or as it is also called "re firmware ". This method, as a rule, requires certain skills and can be solved by contacting the Service Center. To carry out this task yourself, you need to contact the website of the manufacturer of your device, download the utilities necessary for flashing the firmware and the firmware itself, and then reinstall it on your gadget.

If none of the methods brings results, unfortunately, you will have to contact the Service Center for repairing your tablet a or smartphone a.

The “memory” on the tablet or phone has disappeared. What to do if your Android phone or tablet displays messages such as insufficient memory, memory error, and so on.

Human memory is an amazing natural phenomenon. Even the simplest single-celled organisms have memory. Despite this, only people have permanent memory deterioration. How to restore a person's memory? Read about this and much more in our article.

What is memory?

Human memory is a special property of the brain that helps to record, store and reproduce data. There are several theories of the phenomenon of memory. But there is still no clear understanding of why information is remembered. Of course, let's hope that scientists will be able to unlock the secret of human memory once and for all.

But there is scientific evidence and techniques that memory can be strengthened in various ways. Scientists conducted experiments with human memory and came to the conclusion that a certain type of memory can be strengthened.

What do we want from memory?

When we try to remember something, we do not remember the memory. We automatically remember sounds, smells, colors, emotions, etc. Memory is capable of processing a huge flow of information, and what we want to remember is not difficult for memory. All we need is to focus our attention on some aspect of memory enhancement. Memory can be divided into three parts:

1. Receiving the information.
2. Preservation.
3. Reading from memory.

Determine where there are gaps, which part of the memory you need to pay more attention to.

Memory types

Everyone is probably interested in knowing what kind of memory a person has. So, memory is of the following types:

• Visual (this is the most important memory), it is well developed among artists.
• Auditory. Its musicians are excellent.
• Verbal and logistical. Well developed among philosophers, politicians, etc.
• Emotional. It is considered the most durable memory. We remember situations when you are scolded for something, or you are offended, for the rest of your life.
• Motor. Well developed in.

It is believed that each person can have only one well-developed memory. There are people who better remember what they see, and there are those who remember what they write down well. In general, there are many classifications of memory, the main ones are:

• Visual.
• Auditory.
• Motor.

Psychologists have a classification of human genetic memory - this is a set of hereditary reactions that are passed on from generation to generation through genes.

In sports, there is such a thing as human muscle memory - this is a long-term restructuring of muscle cells that is caused by physical activity. They ensure rapid restoration of athletic fitness after a long break.

What affects memory?

As a rule, memory can either increase or decrease. But this is influenced by various factors. Perhaps the first one is the importance of data. The more valuable the information, the better we remember it.

But why does a person’s memory disappear? Psychologists have their own assumptions about why information is forgotten. They associate this with psychological problems. Memory is also interconnected with hormones. Gynecological problems and diseases negatively affect women's memory. There is also confirmation from doctors that memory is most strongly influenced by thyroid hormones. With the slightest decrease in the hormone, memory deteriorates sharply. To increase the level of thyroid hormones, doctors recommend the use of vitamins B2, zinc and iodine. Many people neglect these rules, which is why they are increasingly suffering from memory disorders.

Is it possible to test your memory?

Loss of clear memory is a characteristic feature of elderly or very tired people. But if you have such problems, you can fight it. Elderly people often remember events that happened 10 years ago, but they completely forget what happened today. And at the right moment, we cannot remember important information. In this case, there are methods for. But first you need to test a person’s memory, find out how strong it is. Now there are many tests that can help you find out everything about your memory. To do this, just go to the Internet, enter the search phrase “memory test”, and successfully pass it.

How to preserve and improve memory?

How to train a person's memory? There are many techniques that will help, it is not difficult. You can choose the method that you like. Human memory and its possibilities are limitless. Therefore, you can train your memory ad infinitum. Developed memory can accommodate a huge amount of information. Crossword puzzles, drawing memory cards, memorizing poetry, etc. are perfect for restoring a person’s memory. Physical exercise and travel also help develop memory.

What drugs improve memory?

If your memory has weakened, you need to know how to restore a person's memory. You can engage in mental activities. It has been proven that with active mental stress, memory improves. Memory directly depends on the state of human health. Mental exercise will greatly improve memory for older people.

Very often we forget important dates, events, names, etc. And in such situations we have the “I forgot” excuse.

There are special memory training, in addition, you need to eat right and lead a healthy lifestyle. But there are also memory medications for older people. There are a lot of them. The pharmacy will advise you on the most effective drugs. Their environments can be distinguished:

• Intellan.
• Wisteria.
• Vitrum memory.
• Piracetam.
• Phenibut and others.

If you have suffered memory loss, it is important to know how to restore a person’s memory. Although, it is best to avoid such memory problems. Luckily, it doesn't take much effort to preserve memories for years to come. Be healthy!

Attention!

Comparing the amount of RAM provided by the BIOS and the operating system
with the physical amount of installed memory, you can almost always see that
There is less memory available than installed. "Missing" is usually units
megabytes, but sometimes reaches larger sizes. In the proposed
The material lists and discusses in detail the reasons for this phenomenon.
Recommendations for optimizing the use of address space are also provided.
and RAM. We will talk exclusively about the amount of memory that the BIOS
informs the operating system and why it is smaller than the physical volume.
Memory management within the OS is the topic of a separate article.

First check

Of course, the question of “missing” memory is not always asked solely from
research interest. And the answer does not always lie in the field of architecture and
motherboard circuitry. If after purchasing a new computer or
reinstalling DIMMs, we see that there is significantly less memory than
stated by the equipment supplier, there is a well-founded desire
check the completeness of our system. There are also cases when the inscriptions on
DIMM labels are not accurate. Labeling analysis
the memory chips themselves installed on DIMMs are also not always effective, so
as not all manufacturers adhere to a regular designation system. That's why,
Before moving on to the main topic of the article, let us recall one recipe for identifying
banal forgery. Moreover, you can use it without even opening the case.
computer.

It is known that in modern systems, identification of operational modules
memory is based on the use of the SPD (Serial Presence Detect) protocol. On
Each DIMM module, along with RAM chips, is installed
256-byte read-only memory (EPROM) chip. into her
The module manufacturer has recorded its parameters. When the computer starts, BIOS
reads these parameters and uses them to initialize the memory controller.
Diagnostic programs launched in an OS session (for example, Astra32, Everest),
can also read SPD information, so it is viewable
user. If, according to SPD information, the memory volume (sum of module volumes)
corresponds to the value declared by the supplier, but at the same time, operational
There is less memory available to the system, the reason is due to the architecture and
circuit design of the motherboard discussed below, part of the memory is allocated for
use by different devices or is not available due to restrictions
DRAM controller. This article is devoted to considering precisely such situations.
If, however, the amount of memory determined based on SPD is less than expected, then all
much more prosaic - you need to file a claim with the supplier.

Below are the reasons why the operating system has
There is less RAM than is physically installed on the board.
Obviously, each of the reasons belongs to one of three types:

1. Part of the memory is used for internal needs of the BIOS or system devices
   fees.
2. Some memory is physically inaccessible due to limitations of the memory controller.
3. Some memory is physically accessible in the address space, but not
   used due to operating system limitations.

Memory allocation for System Management RAM

System Management RAM is memory used by the BIOS for its own needs.
Physically, it is part of RAM. It is “cut out” from the address
space using mapping logic included in the "northbridge"
chipset. This issue is discussed in detail in the previously published article "and
". How much memory
will be "cut off" for SMRAM depends on the BIOS implementation. On most platforms
this is 128 KB, uses the range 000A0000h-000BFFFFh, shared with video
adapter. Some platforms also use Extended SMRAM,
located above 1MB and its volume reaches several megabytes.

Memory allocation for Shadow RAM

Shadow RAM or “shadow” memory is an area of ​​RAM in which
the contents of the ROM BIOS chip of the motherboard are rewritten or unpacked
boards, as well as additional BIOS peripheral adapters. Initially this
was intended as an option solely to improve performance, since
RAM operating speed is significantly higher than ROM operating speed. Modern
BIOS implementations use packaged storage of the main block, when
At the start it is unpacked into Shadow RAM. Thus, Operation Shadow from
optional has become mandatory. The packaging allows you to use
a smaller ROM chip, therefore cheaper. For correct
ROM emulation, mapping logic included in the “north bridge” of the chipset,
blocks writing to this RAM area. The unpacked BIOS block placed in
Shadow RAM, sometimes called Runtime block.

On most platforms, for Runtime BIOS blocks of peripheral adapters
the range 000C0000h-000EFFFFh is allocated. For the Runtime block of the system BIOS –
range 000F0000h-000FFFFFh. Note that even if the specified ranges
partially used or not used, the entire 256 KB block
000C0000h-000FFFFFh is “cut off” from RAM. Almost everything
modern chipsets allow it to be used only as Shadow RAM.

Note

The statement that RAM (RAM) is significantly faster than ROM (ROM)
valid for a particular case - in relation to the element base and circuitry
personal computers, since they use slow ROM chips and
fast RAM chips, in addition, the width of the RAM data bus on the motherboard
the fee is significantly higher. To the physical principles of operation of RAM and ROM cells this
statement does not apply.

Memory allocation for ACPI tables

ACPI specification, which is used to transfer information from the BIOS to the OS
about the platform configuration, as well as to optimize energy consumption,
is an alternative approach to the interaction between the BIOS and the OS. Let us remind you that
that in the "classic" BIOS functions, for example, in the disk service functions,
accessible via software interrupt INT 13h, operating system or other
a program must call subroutines to perform a given operation,
included in the BIOS. Interaction between OS and platform via ACPI
is performed fundamentally differently. BIOS at platform startup, before booting
The OS writes into a special memory area a set of tables describing the execution
a number of operations. Simply put, tables contain information about what data
in which register to write to perform a given operation. The OS reads this
information and uses it when interacting with equipment. One of the advantages
This approach is that regardless of the processor instruction system or the current
operating mode (for example, 16-32- or 64-bit), you can use the same
tables, since the construction of ACPI tables, as opposed to executable BIOS procedures,
not tied to processor architecture.

The amount of memory allocated to store ACPI tables is implementation dependent
BIOS. This is usually hundreds of kilobytes; often the BIOS rounds up the size of the reserved
areas up to 1 MB. Note that unlike SMRAM (which is only available in
SMM mode) and Shadow RAM (which has write protection), memory area,
containing ACPI tables has no special status from the controller's point of view
memory. The fact of its redundancy is only that the BIOS, when transferring the OS
information about the amount of memory, transmits the value minus the size of this area.
ACPI tables use the address range immediately adjacent to
the upper limit of Extended memory. Details in.

Memory allocation for USB RAM

As you know, a USB controller is an intelligent device capable of
interact with RAM bypassing the processor (in Bus mode
Master). This interaction consists not only of data transfer between
devices connected to USB and buffers in RAM. For work
USB controller requires quite a lot of auxiliary information in memory,
for example, transaction schedule. Since the BIOS must communicate with
USB devices before loading the OS (for example, input from a USB keyboard, boot from
Flash, etc.), the BIOS, not the OS, should reserve memory. Usually reserved
tens of kilobytes.

Note that devices such as a hard drive controller also
support Bus Master mode and use control information available
in RAM. But the difference is that the disk controller, unlike
USB controller, can also be used in software exchange mode (PIO
Mode), which is what the BIOS does when transferring control to boot the OS. Switch to mode
Bus Master (synonymous with DMA) and memory reservation for control units, in this
case is the responsibility of the OS, not the BIOS.

Memory allocation for integrated video adapter

If your motherboard has an integrated video adapter,
implemented as part of the "northbridge" chipset, as video memory
Usually part of the RAM is used. Before loading OS, BIOS
reserves a block of one to tens of megabytes for video memory. On
On some boards, in BIOS Setup it is possible to control the size of the allocated
block. When the OS starts and the video driver is loaded, initialization occurs
graphics processor and at the disposal of the video adapter can be dynamically
More memory has been allocated.

Note that there are boards that have memory reservations for
integrated video adapter occurs even when it is not
used. One of the reasons for this is a poorly written BIOS.

Also note that the integrated video adapter is not always implemented in
part of the "northbridge" chipset. There are motherboards containing
“full-fledged” video adapter in the form of a separate graphics controller chip
with its own memory chips. In this case, system memory for video needs
adapter is not reserved.

4GB limit and Memory-Mapped I/O

This factor sometimes takes up more memory than all the others together
taken. Moreover, when we talked about such things as SMRAM, Shadow RAM, ACPI, then
the point was that the memory that the BIOS “hidden” from the operating system
used for internal needs of the platform. Here, part of the memory is just
disappears. When and why does this happen?

Let's take a real example. Intel Socket 775 class platform. Intel processor
Pentium 4 650 3.4 GHz (Prescott-2M core), Intel 925XE chipset. Install 4 GB
memory and we see that the operating system has about 3.5 GB available. Where did it go
about 0.5 GB?

Let's start the investigation with the processor. Reading the document and browsing
assignment of signals to Socket 775, we see that the processor supports 36-bit
addressing. The most significant bit of the address is A35# (counting from zero). For reference, this is
contact with coordinates AJ6 on Socket 775. The number of addressable bytes is 2 in
powers of 36, that is, our processor can address 64 GB of memory. Thanks to
paging mechanism, the use of a 36-bit address is possible as in
32- and 64-bit mode. Details in. Thus, in the chain,
which we are tracing, the “weak link” is clearly not the processor.

The next component on the way from the processor to memory is the "northern"
bridge" of the chipset, in our example this is the Intel 82925XE chip, described in. From
document it follows that the chipset supports 32-bit addressing,
therefore, the amount of memory address space is (2 to the power of 32) bytes,
that is 4 GB. Moreover, all 4 GB cannot be allocated for RAM, it is required
place a number of devices, which are also accessed through
memory space. That is why the available amount of RAM will be
significantly less than 4 GB. A complete list of such devices can be found in
documents For the platform in question, videos take up the largest volume
memory and a window for accessing PCI Express configuration registers. Let's consider
them in more detail.

Classic VGA adapters, produced back in the days of the ISA bus, use
page-by-page access to video memory through a window whose size does not exceed 128
KB (000A0000h-000BFFFFh). Modern adapters supporting this mode for
compatibility, also support linear access to video memory. Wherein
an adapter with 256 MB of video memory needs to allocate the same amount of address memory
space. Due to unification in the production of video adapters, you can find
and such situations when an adapter with 128 MB of video memory requires the allocation of a window
256 MB in size.

Classic mechanism for accessing the PCI bus configuration space,
described in uses 256 bytes of configuration registers per
device. The PCI Express specification uses 4 KB register blocks,
therefore, there was a need for a new mechanism to access them. New mechanism
uses a 256 MB address space region through which
configuration registers of all devices are addressed as memory cells.
Details in.

Issues regarding the organization of memory-mapped registers (Memory-Mapped I/O)
discussed in the previously published article ",
And
".

Memory Remap Operation

Starting with the Intel 955 chipset, the 4GB limit has been overcome. Of course, in
this happened in the model ranges of chipsets for servers and workstations
much earlier.

The Intel 82955X chip receives a 36-bit address from the processor and
supports 64 GB address space. Maximum amount of RAM
– 8 GB, this time the limitation is not related to the bit size of the address, which
The "north bridge" is capable of receiving from the processor, and with the capabilities of the controller
DRAM.

Typically, when using the Memory Remap operation, the 0-4 GB range is formatted
the same as before. There is RAM, a fragment of which
inaccessible due to the need to accommodate other devices. The innovation is that
the specified fragment does not disappear, but is placed at addresses above 4 GB.
Accordingly, if we have more memory than 4 GB, everything that does not fit in
range 0-4 GB, placed higher.

Of course, the benefit from the physical availability of memory above 4 GB will only be
when the operating system supports addressing above 4 GB. This
provided in 64-bit mode, as well as in 32-bit mode when using
PAE (Physical Address Extension). If the OS does not support addressing above 4 GB,
The relocated memory will no longer be available. Details in.

It should also be remembered that memory accesses are initiated not only
central processor, but also other devices using Bus technology
Master, for example, a hard drive controller. If the controller supports
only 32-bit addressing when reading and writing data, then when placing data
above 4 GB, you will need to additionally use a transit buffer,
located below 4 GB, since the disk controller “does not know how” to address memory
above 4 GB. The transfer between the transit and destination buffer must be performed
CPU. This reduces performance and wastes memory.
Therefore, a platform can be considered a “true 64-bit” only when it is not
Only the processor, but also Bus Master controllers support 64-bit addressing.

Conclusion

The logical continuation of this material is a presentation of methods and
code fragments that allow, for a given platform, "bit-accurate"
determine how memory is used that the BIOS has “hidden” from the operating system
systems. Therefore, if there is reader interest, the author plans
continuation. The task is complicated by the fact that in order to obtain answers to many of
questions posed, you will need to analyze the contents of the system
configuration registers, the architecture of which is not determined uniformly for all
platforms as standard. Such registers are implemented differently in each chipset. TO
Unfortunately, detailed documentation is not available for all chipsets. That's why,
There are no universal recipes here. Expanding on this topic, the author outlined
basic principles by which the interested reader can
own research for your specific platform.

Information sources

developer.intel.com:

1) Intel Pentium 4 Processor 660, 650, 640, and 630 and Intel Pentium 4
Processor Extreme Edition Datasheet. Document Number: 306382-001.
2) TLBs, Paging-Structure Caches, and Their Invalidation. Application Note.
Document Number 317080-001.
3) Intel 925X/925XE Express Chipset Datasheet. Document Number: 301464-003.
4) Intel I/O Controller Hub 6 (ICH6) Family Datasheet. Document Number
301473-001.
5) Intel 955X Express Chipset Datasheet. Document Number 306828-001.
6) Intel I/O Controller Hub 7 (ICH7) Family Datasheet. Document Number
307013-002.
7) AGP V3.0 Interface Specification (no number).

Electronic documents available on the website
developer.amd.com:

8) AMD Functional Data Sheet, 754 Pin Package. Publication #31410.
9) AMD Functional Data Sheet, 939 Pin Package. Publication #31411.
10) AMD Functional Data Sheet, 940 Pin Package. Publication #31412.

Electronic documents available on the website
pcisig.com:

Documents on pcisig.com are available only to PCI members
Special Interest Group. Using search engines, you can find
These documents are for free download.

11) PCI BIOS Specification. Revision 2.1.
12) PCI Local Bus Specification. Revision 3.0.
13) PCI-to-PCI Bridge Architecture Specification. Revision 1.1.

Electronic documents available on the website
acpi.info:

14) Advanced Configuration and Power Interface Specification. Hewlett-Packard
Corporation, Intel Corporation, Microsoft Corporation, Phoenix Technologies
Ltd., Toshiba Corporation. Revision 3.0.:

Books:

15) V.L. Grigoriev. Microprocessor i486. Architecture and programming.
Moscow LLP "GRANAL" 1993.
16) Yu.M. Kazarinov, V.N. Nomokonov, G.S. Podkletnov, F.V. Filippov.
Microprocessor kit K1810. Structure, programming, application.
Reference book. Moscow "Higher School" 1990.
17) M. Hooke. IBM PC hardware. Encyclopedia. Saint Petersburg,
publishing house "Peter" 2006.

Memory is an amazing achievement of evolution. Even the simplest single-celled organisms have this gift, but only people can lose it with age.

You've probably noticed that older people are more absent-minded and have a worse time remembering and reproducing information. This may be a consequence of both age-related changes and the development of certain pathologies. Memory may weaken due to poor vascular condition, poor circulation, and oxygen starvation of brain tissue. The deterioration of the memorization process can and should be corrected. If it is difficult to do this on your own, you should consult a doctor. He will tell you what methods you can use, help you create the right regimen, adjust your diet, and prescribe additional medications.

Memory

Memory is a property of the brain that helps to remember events, information, store it for a long time and, if necessary, reproduce it. Scientists are still arguing about the nature and essence of this unique ability. There are different theories that explain the essence of memory. Even with modern technology for research, scientists are engaged in heated debate about how the brain records the information it receives and stores it.

The most common problem is with short-term memory. It is known for sure that memory can and should be developed; many techniques have been developed for this. Numerous experiments have confirmed that certain types of memory can indeed be strengthened. If your memory has disappeared, it’s time to learn ways to train it.

When a person remembers certain information, he does it automatically, without thinking about the essence of the process itself. In addition to verbal information, a person remembers many smells, colors, emotions, sounds, etc. Every day, the memory is bombarded with a huge flow of all kinds of information, which is necessary not only for the survival of the organism, but also for its development. It is important to be able to focus on strengthening your memory. This will make it easier to remember and quickly reproduce accumulated reserves. If memory is lost, not only the physical, but also the emotional sphere suffers.

Scientists conventionally distinguish three possibilities of memory:

1. Receiving the information.
2. Storing it.
3. Playback.

Memory properties may differ from person to person. It is easier for some to remember, while others successfully store and reproduce information.

If you find that you are lagging in a certain function, you need to make an effort to develop it.

Types

The following types of memory are distinguished:

• Visual (visual). This is the most important type. It is he who helps in survival.
• Auditory. It is well developed among musicians.
• Verbal-logical. It is developed among politicians, philosophers, and people of intellectual work.
• Motor (motor). Athletes master it perfectly.
• Emotional. This type is the most durable. A person easily remembers those moments of his life that he experienced emotionally.

As psychologists have found out, an individual person has only one type developed. It is easier for some to remember what they wrote down, for others - what they saw.

There is also the concept of “human genetic memory”. It refers to hereditary reactions that one generation passes on to another through genes.

Athletes also have the concept of “muscle memory.” It refers to the restructuring of muscle fiber cells for a long time under the influence of uniform physical activity. Constant physical activity helps athletes quickly get into shape even after a fairly long break.

What causes memory loss?

Memory can strengthen, but it can also weaken. Why does memory disappear? This depends on various factors, such as how important the information is to the person. As psychologists have noted, people always remember better what is really necessary for them.

If memory impairment begins, treatment should be individualized. It all depends on the specific reasons that led to such a pathology. For decades, scientists have been puzzling over why memory deteriorates. They associate this with possible psychological problems, hormones, and a number of diseases. Women's memory is strongly influenced by the state of the reproductive sphere. Endocrinologists also noted a relationship between the production of thyroid hormones and memory. As soon as the concentration of hormones begins to decrease, a person begins to remember worse. To increase this level, doctors can prescribe iodine, zinc, and vitamin B2. Unfortunately, it is these substances that the human body often lacks, which is why problems with memory disorders are very common.

How to check its condition

The problem of memory loss is very important for older people, but it can also affect younger people. If a person constantly overworks and gets tired, the brain stops processing data adequately.

If you are faced with a similar problem, solving it is quite simple - you need to rest more, eat right, and stick to the regime.

In old age, a person perfectly remembers the events of his youth, but does not know what he did 5 minutes ago. In such cases, short-term memory training techniques will help. With the help of the Internet, everyone can now quickly find out what state their memory is in.

Memory impairments can also be different. Almost each of us can forget where we left our hat, umbrella, gloves, or phone. This is normal and is a feature of our brain. If you forget what you did yesterday or why you left the room, you should think about it, maybe it’s time to see a doctor. It is also a cause for concern if you cannot retain information that is important to you in your head, even if you make an effort to do so.

What ailments can cause

Most often, older people suffer from poor memory, but there are reasons that can also plague young or middle-aged people. Adults' memory is not as flexible as children's. In this case, the level of the memorization process may be lower than forgetting.

Sometimes it is very difficult to restore normal brain functions. For this process to be successful, correction should be started as soon as the problem is noticed. This can be done at home. There are a number of ailments and pathological conditions that affect the quality of memory:

1. . Serious traumatic brain injury can cause problems with brain function. Sometimes there is even a complete disappearance, a failure of memories of the past (amnesia). In severe cases, hallucinations or false memories may occur. Particularly serious injuries can occur in a road accident. The sad consequences of such injuries can remain for the rest of your life. It is often not possible to restore all brain functions to a person and completely restore the central nervous system. For diagnosis, you need to go to a neurologist and get an MRI of the head. Long-term complex therapy will be required.
2. Mental disorders. This may be a manifestation of Korsakoff's syndrome. With it, a person cannot remember any current event, but at the same time remembers the past. This means that it is the short-term type of memory that suffers. A person has difficulty navigating time, environment, place, and may be visited by false memories. Such a disease will require examination by a psychiatrist.
3. Atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels. It leads to a significant decrease in blood flow to the brain area, it begins to experience oxygen starvation, and a deficiency of useful microelements occurs. All brain functions are affected, including memory. This condition is accompanied by decreased concentration, fatigue, irritability, and the person suffers from frequent headaches. You need to undergo a series of tests, undergo a brain examination, and visit a neurologist. The doctor should prescribe a medicine that will stimulate blood circulation. Properly selected tablets will help improve the condition of blood vessels and improve blood flow.
4. Diabetes mellitus. It leads to significant circulatory impairment. Large vessels suffer, the walls of which become significantly thicker. Small vessels may completely block, causing the brain to receive little blood. Other symptoms: thirst, frequent urination, mucous membranes dry out, and the person gets tired quickly. If diabetes is suspected, an endocrinologist will help and you will need to check your blood sugar levels. Medication treatment and constant monitoring of glucose levels are mandatory. Modern medicine has made impressive progress in the fight against diabetes. You will need to visit an endocrinologist periodically. He must monitor the general condition of the patient, possible pathological changes in blood vessels, tissues, and organs.
5. . This disease is incurable. It is characterized by gradual degeneration of all brain functions. Not only memory decreases, but also intelligence. Eventually, dementia develops. This disease most often affects people over 60 years of age. A person does not remember current events, but at the same time perfectly remembers facts from 10 years ago or more. The patient may confuse the present with the past. It has been observed that men suffer from it slightly more often than women. The old man gradually degrades, becomes selfish, quarrelsome, and falls into senile insanity. With this disease, you should seek help from a neurologist. To slow down the course of the disease, it is important to begin treatment at the earliest stages of development.
6. Depression. It is expressed in constant anxiety and bad mood. A person is depressed, he has apathy, he tends to avoid communication, he likes to be alone. A psychotherapist will help here.
7. Pathologies of the thyroid gland. This problem is due to the fact that the normal production of hormones by the thyroid gland is disrupted (hypothyroidism). By the way, they consist of 65% iodine. This condition begins with a decrease in memory, then the patient quickly gains weight (and this despite the fact that his appetite decreases), he suffers from loss of strength, apathy, depression, and becomes overly irritable. He has muscle weakness and swelling. For help, you need to contact an endocrinologist, take a blood test for hormones, and do an ultrasound. In this case, prevention is possible - you should add foods with iodine (seafood, seaweed), iodized salt, dairy, nuts, hard cheese, and persimmon to your diet.
8. Osteochondrosis. A hernia may form in the cervical spine, which will compress the vessels through which blood flows to the brain. This dangerous condition can even cause a stroke over time. Characteristic signs of osteochondrosis are frequent headaches and numbness in the fingers. A vertebrologist will help. It is possible that an MRI will be required. For prevention, you should swim and do exercise therapy.
9. Alcoholism. Drinking alcohol is a direct path to dementia. If a person abuses alcohol, irreversible changes occur in his brain. A drunk person not only looks ridiculous, he causes irreparable harm to his health. Alcohol is extremely harmful to neurons, it destroys axons and nerve cell bodies. At the moment of intoxication, the brain experiences enormous stress. It is important that close people help a person cope with this misfortune in time. Remember that alcoholism is considered a disease throughout the world.

A little about Alzheimer's disease

We decided to talk separately in more detail about this disease, since it is becoming more common among older people. If it is detected in time, it is possible to significantly slow down the development of the process, but it is completely impossible to cure the patient. Changes in the brain are irreversible, and so far medicine has no effective cure for this terrible disease. It is also called senile dementia (dementia).

With this neurological disease, degeneration of brain tissue is observed, due to which all its functions are irreversibly lost. Over time, a person even forgets how to eat or what the store is for, how to use an umbrella, etc.

This disease has been known since ancient times, but it was accurately described about a hundred years ago. It is still unknown why such serious lesions occur. It is now generally accepted that the reason is that abnormal proteins accumulate in the brain. Because of this, brain cells die, and its mass decreases, it literally dries out.

Due to the loss of neural mass, memory, perception, thinking, learning ability, habits, and motor skills suffer. In the end, a person cannot even take care of himself; he needs constant supervision and help.

Often, strong and relatively healthy old people who do not even have chronic diseases suffer from Alzheimer's disease.

It is important not to miss the early symptoms of this pathology. They can be mistaken for simple age-related disorders, which is why they often resort to the help of a doctor when the disease enters its middle stage.

How to preserve and improve memory

You can train your memory by solving crossword puzzles. It's interesting and useful. Psychologists also advise learning a short poem every day. You can alternate those that are easier to learn with poems that are not so easy to learn. It is also useful to travel, walk in the fresh air, and do simple physical exercises.

1. Forget about bad habits.
2. Lead a healthy lifestyle.
3. Eat properly and nutritiously.
4. Exercise at least a little.
5. Engage in intellectual activities.

What medications will help?

If other methods do not help, the doctor may prescribe a drug to improve memory (Vitrum memory, Intellan, Phenibut, Piracetam, etc.).

Conclusion

A person can be forgetful at any age. It is important to distinguish between the characteristics of the human brain and the conditions for which treatment is needed. If the problem is simply a poorly developed memory, psychology recommends learning poetry, solving crossword puzzles, and using special memorization techniques.

If parents want to develop their child’s memory, they should learn a quatrain with him every day. Such activities are possible from the age of three. This is not only an excellent tool for improving memory, but also an incentive to develop thinking, speech, and a love of literature.